PIRSA:26050036 Scientific Series Cosmology

DOI10.48660/26050036

Series: Cosmology and Gravitation

Hell, A. (2026). The recipe for the degrees of freedom. Perimeter Institute. https://pirsa.org/26050036

Hell, Anamaria. The recipe for the degrees of freedom. Perimeter Institute, May. 19, 2026, https://pirsa.org/26050036 

@misc{ pirsa_PIRSA:26050036,
  doi = {10.48660/26050036},
  url = {https://pirsa.org/26050036},
  author = {Hell, Anamaria},
  keywords = {Cosmology},
  language = {en},
  title = {The recipe for the degrees of freedom},
  publisher = {Perimeter Institute},
  year = {2026},
  month = {may},
  note = {PIRSA:26050036 see, \url{https://pirsa.org}}
}

Abstract

One of the most fundamental questions that can be asked when studying any physical theory is: What are its true degrees of freedom? These modes are the building blocks of theories, which can evolve and be observed, shaping how a theory connects to the physical Universe. Finding them, however, is not always as simple as it sounds. In this talk, I will outline the standard methods to identify the propagating modes in general theories, reflect on their strengths and limitations, and present an alternative recipe that leads to insights about the dynamical nature of theory in a quick, simple, and straight-forward way. 

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