Talks

This course uses quantum electrodynamics (QED) as a vehicle for covering several more advanced topics within quantum field theory, and so is aimed at graduate students that already have had an introductory course on quantum field theory. Among the topics hoped to be covered are: gauge invariance for massless spin-1 particles from special relativity and quantum mechanics; Ward identities; photon scattering and loops; UV and IR divergences and why they are handled differently; effective theories and the renormalization group; anomalies.

We revamp the constructive enumeration of 1/16-BPS states in the maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills in four dimensions, and search for ones that are not of multi-graviton form. A handful of such states are found for gauge group SU(2) at relatively high energies, resolving a decade-old enigma. Along the way, we clarify various subtleties in the literature, and prove a non-renormalization theorem about the exactness of the cohomological enumeration in perturbation theory. We point out a giant-graviton-like feature in our results, and envision that a deep analysis of our data will elucidate the fundamental properties of black hole microstates.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/96037678536?pwd=eGdhTWF3UVN1em5uZVpJbWYyM2tzUT09

Sphaleron heating has been recently proposed as a mechanism to realize warm inflation when inflaton is an axion coupled to pure Yang-Mills. As a result of heating, there is a friction coefficient γ\propto T^3 in the equation of motion for the inflaton, and a thermal contribution to cosmological fluctuations. Without the knowledge of the inflaton potential, non-Gaussianity is the most promising way of searching for the signatures of this model. Building on an earlier work by Bastero-Gil, Berera, Moss and Ramos, we compute the scalar three-point correlation function and point out some distinct features in the squeezed and folded limits. As a detection strategy, we show that the combination of the equilateral template and one new template has a large overlap with the shape of non-Gaussianity over the range 0.01 <= γ/Η <= 1000 and in this range 0.7<|f_NL|<50.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/95921707772?pwd=NUNhU1QrRm5HaDJNMEYyaTJXQmZnQT09

This course uses quantum electrodynamics (QED) as a vehicle for covering several more advanced topics within quantum field theory, and so is aimed at graduate students that already have had an introductory course on quantum field theory. Among the topics hoped to be covered are: gauge invariance for massless spin-1 particles from special relativity and quantum mechanics; Ward identities; photon scattering and loops; UV and IR divergences and why they are handled differently; effective theories and the renormalization group; anomalies.

We construct an exactly solvable lattice model for a deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP) in (1+1) dimensions. This DQCP occurs in an unusual setting, namely at the edge of a (2+1) dimensional bosonic symmetry protected topological phase (SPT) with ℤ2×ℤ2 symmetry. The DQCP describes a transition between two gapped edges that break different ℤ2 subgroups of the full ℤ2×ℤ2 symmetry. Our construction is based on an exact mapping between the SPT edge theory and a ℤ4 spin chain. This mapping reveals that DQCPs in this system are directly related to ordinary ℤ4 symmetry breaking critical points. Based on arXiv:2206.01222.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/93794543360?pwd=Y3lidGZhRFNrUjEyMVpaNEgwTnE3QT09

In order for quantum computing devices to accomplish preparation of quantum states, or simulation of other quantum systems, exceptional control of experimental parameters is required. The optimal parameters, such as time dependent magnetic fields for nuclear magnetic resonance, are found via classical simulation and optimization. Such idealized parameterized quantum systems have been shown to exhibit different phases of learning during optimization, such as overparameterization and lazy training, where global optima may potentially be reached exponentially quickly, while parameters negligibly change when the system is evolved for sufficient time (Larocca et al., arXiv:2109.11676, 2021). Here, we study the effects of imposing constraints related to experimental feasibility on the controls, such as bounding or sharing parameters across operators, and relevant noise channels are added after each time step. We observe overparameterization being robust to parameter constraints, however fidelities converge to zero past a critical simulation duration, due to catastrophic accumulation of noise. Compromises arise between numerical and experimental feasibility, suggesting limitations of variational ansatz to account for noise.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/98649931693?pwd=Z2s1MlZvSmFVNEFqdjk2dlZNRm9PQT09

Recently, powerful quantum field theory techniques, originally developed to calculate observables in colliders, have been applied to describe classical observables relevant to gravitational wave physics. This has motivated a proliferation of approaches to extract classical information from quantum scattering amplitudes. Since the double copy suggests that the basis of the dynamics of general relativity is Yang-Mills theory,  in this talk I will first discuss scattering in Yang-Mills theory as a toy model to study the connection between the framework by Kosower-Maybee-O'Connell (KMOC), the language of effective field theory (EFT) and the eikonal phase. After a brief review of the KMOC formalism to compute classical observables from scattering amplitudes, I will consider the dynamics of colour-charged particle scattering and explain  how to compute the change of colour, and the radiation of colour, during a classical collision. Finally, moving on to gravity, I will discuss the deflection of light by a massive spinless/spinning object using the novel worldline quantum field theory (WQFT) formalism for classical scattering.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/98649931693?pwd=Z2s1MlZvSmFVNEFqdjk2dlZNRm9PQT09

The background geometry seen by a propagating string in the non-relativistic limit is non-Lorentzian. This motivates us to study the non-relativistic AdS/CFT correspondence as a new example of non-AdS holography. In this talk I will focus on the string side of the correspondence, keeping an integrability perspective, and illustrate remarkable differences from the relativistic theory. I will report on recent progress made in AdS5xS5 non-relativistic strings, in particular regarding their classical string solutions, semi-classical expansion of the action, coset space formulation of the action, Lax pair and some preliminary progress on the spectral curve. Based on work done in collaboration with J. M. Nieto, O. Ohlsson Sax, A. Torrielli, S. Van Tongeren. 

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/99895811528?pwd=YWIreWtzdmRBanpIZXBLLzY3ZFNoZz09

Super star clusters with masses > 1e6 Msun are thought to be progenitors of globular clusters (GCs). Their births however are seldomly seen in the local Universe. The puzzle of chemically peculiar populations found in most globular clusters implies that much is to be understood about what happens in the immediate environment of these young systems that host a large number of massive stars. I will present a photometric and spectroscopic study of a highly magnified, LyC-leaking super star cluster with a mass ~1e7 Msun and an age ~3–4 Myr, in a lensed Cosmic Noon galaxy. We found dense photoionized clouds at just ~ 10 pc that are highly enriched with nitrogen. We theorize that these dense clouds originate from massive star ejecta and may have implications for the origin of chemically peculiar stars. If time permits, I will discuss another lensed star cluster in the same galaxy that has a lensing anomaly and show intense Fe III fluorescent emissions pumped by Lyman alpha radiation. I will discuss a theory of trapped Lyman alpha radiation to explain this unusual spectral phenomenon, which again hints at an extremely gas-enshrouded environment caused by massive star ejecta inside a compact young super star cluster. These findings call for a better understanding of the interplay between radiation, gravity, gas and massive star evolution in young super star clusters.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/97462607086?pwd=b0tkVXlTeG5MTnFheEphWXYyOFdhQT09