Course

Generalized Measurement: Mathematical structure - POVM - Postulate 2 (Discrete case) - POVM Continuous case - Postulate 2 (Continuous case) - Example: Trine POVM measurement - Naimark/Neumark's dilation theorem - Generalized transformations: Postulate 3.

Real-world quantum systems description - Pure state vs Mixed states - Purification of Mixed States; Generalized measurement - Mixtures of "ideal measurement" - Ideal measurement of a composite system - POVMs.

Infinite Dimensional Systems -  Dirac's approach vs von Neumann's approach; Operational Postulates for open (real-world) quantum systems: probabilistic mixtures of pure states vs Partial description of composite system (partial trace, reduced state) - Operational postulate 1.