Quantum Fields and Strings

The relative entropy is a measure of the distinguishability of two quantum states. A great deal of progress has been made in the study of the relative entropy between an excited state and the vacuum state of a conformal field theory (CFT) reduced to a spherical region. For example, when the excited state is a small perturbation of the vacuum state, the relative entropy is known to have a universal expression for all CFT’s. Specifically, the perturbative relative entropy can be written as the symplectic flux of a certain scalar field in an auxiliary AdS-Rindler spacetime. Moreover, if the CFT has a semi-classical holographic dual, the relative entropy is known to be related to conserved charges in the bulk dual spacetime. In this talk, I will introduce a one-parameter generalization of the relative entropy which I will call 'refined' Renyi relative entropy. I will use this quantity to present a one-parameter generalization of the aforementioned known results about the relative entropy. I will also discuss a new family of positive energy theorems in asymptotically locally AdS spacetimes that arises from the holographic dual of the refined Rényi relative entropy.

I will describe an example in which ER=EPR can be understood as a worldsheet string duality, by finding the Lorentzian continuation of the FZZ duality. The result is that string perturbation theory around the thermofield double state in a disconnected spacetime with a condensate of entangled folded strings is equivalent to string theory in a connected two sided black hole spacetime. Important ingredients are the Lorentzian interpretation of time winding vertex operators, and string theory with target space Schwinger-Keldysh contours. I will also discuss a related conjecture in AdS3-Rindler.

In this talk, I will describe some of the recent progress on computing holographic correlators using analytic bootstrap techniques combined with supersymmetric localization.  From taking a certain flat space limit of the holographic correlators, one can obtain scattering amplitudes of gravitons in string theory, and one can then reproduce some of the known results for these scattering amplitudes.  I will focus mostly on the case of the 4d {\cal N} = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory, but I will also mention related work in the 3d ABJM theory.

The averaged null energy condition (ANEC) can be used to put constraints on the scaling dimensions of operators in a local CFTs. In some cases these are stronger than the unitarity bounds. I will consider four dimensional N=1 superconformal field theories (SCFTs) and discuss bounds on generic long and protected multiplets with spin (j,0). Some of them can be obtained analytically and others can be studied by means of a simple semidefinite programming problem. I will also briefly mention the consequences for N=2,4 SCFTs. Based on [1905.09293].