Quantum Fields and Strings

Geometries produced by brane intersections preserving eight supercharges are constructed. Typical examples of such configurations are given by fundamental strings ending on D branes and by brane webs. Consistency conditions of supergravity are shown to impose certain requirements on the locations of the sources, and these restrictions are found to be in a perfect agreement with results of the probe analysis. This agreement serves as a nontrivial test of the duality between open and closed strings. Some applications to AdS/CFT correspondence are also discussed.

F-theory compactifications on Calabi-Yau fourfolds provide one way to obtain N=1 supersymmetric grand unified models of particle physics from string theory. With this motivation in mind, I will consider F-theory on a particularly simple class of local Calabi-Yau fourfolds, for which a low-energy analysis based upon topological gauge theory is valid. For these models, I will explain how the geometry of the fourfold determines the spectrum of massless charged matter and the effective superpotential in four dimensions. If time permits, I will also discuss the relation between certain surface operators in gauge theory and brane recombination in F-theory.

We consider the large N limit of a class of fourdimensional supersymmetric theories in conjunction with a limit in their parameter space towards singular points where extra baryonic states become light, which causes the low-energy description to break down. However, this can be cured by defining a large N double scaling limit where one approaches the singularity by keeping the mass M of these states fixed. This limit has several interesting features. For example, the conventional \\\'t Hooft limit leads to a free theory of colour singlet states where all interactions are suppressed by powers of 1/N. In this case, the large N Hilbert space splits into two decoupled sectors, and one of them keeps residual interactions whose strength in inversely proportional to the mass M. We argue that for a class of these models the dynamics of this sector is dual to a non-critical superstring background, which is exactly solvable.