Boundaries and Twists in the Color Code

Abstract

We present an in-depth study of the domain walls available in the color code. We begin by presenting new boundaries which gives rise to a new family of color codes. Interestingly, the smallest example of such a code consists of just 4 qubits and weight three parity check measurements, making it an accessible playground for today's experimentalists interested in small scale experiments on topological codes. Secondly, we catalogue the twist defects that are accessible with the color code model. We give lattice representations of these twists and investigate how they interact with one another, and how they interact with the anyons of the system. Our categorisation allows us to explore new approaches for the fault-tolerant storage and manipulation of quantum information in color codes. This research combines and extends recent work with the surface code [1,2] to the color code models, whose continuous domain walls have been studied in generality in [3]. [1] Delfosse, Nicolas, Pavithran Iyer, and David Poulin. "Generalized surface codes and packing of logical qubits." arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.07116 (2016). [2] Brown, Benjamin J., et al. "Poking holes and cutting corners to achieve Clifford gates with the surface code." Physical Review X 7.2 (2017): 021029. [3] Yoshida, Beni. "Topological color code and symmetry-protected topological phases." Physical Review B 91.24 (2015): 245131.