Condensed Matter

Condensed matter physics is the branch of physics that studies systems of very large numbers of particles in a condensed state, like solids or liquids. Condensed matter physics wants to answer questions like: why is a material magnetic? Or why is it insulating or conducting? Or new, exciting questions like: what materials are good to make a reliable quantum computer? Can we describe gravity as the behavior of a material? The behavior of a system with many particles is very different from that of its individual particles. We say that the laws of many body physics are emergent or collective. Emergence explains the beauty of physics laws.

Displaying 985 - 996 of 1225

Exact holographic mapping and emergent space-time geometry

Xiaoliang Qi
Stanford University
March 11, 2014

PIRSA:14030107
Condensed Matter
Numerical detection of symmetry protected and symmetry enriched topological phases

Frank Pollmann
Max Planck Institute for Physics, Munich (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut)
February 25, 2014

PIRSA:14020140
Condensed Matter
Quantum Many-body Dynamics with Matrix Product States

Martin Ganahl
Sandbox AQ
February 24, 2014

PIRSA:14020156
Cosmology

Condensed Matter
Causality, holography, and entanglement entropy
February 20, 2014

PIRSA:14020146
Quantum Gravity

Quantum Fields and Strings

Condensed Matter

Strong Gravity
The emergent of the chiral spin liquid in kagome Heisenberg model

Dong-Ning Sheng
California State University, Northridge
February 20, 2014

PIRSA:14020149
Condensed Matter
Paying the price of naturalness with a supersymmetric twin Higgs

Kiel Howe
Stanford University
January 21, 2014

PIRSA:14010105
Condensed Matter
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order

Juven Wang
Harvard University
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120069
Condensed Matter
Symmetry Enriched Quantum Spin Ices On the Pyrochlore Lattice

Gang Chen
Fudan University
December 06, 2013

PIRSA:13120055
Condensed Matter
The Amplitude Mode in Condensed Matter : Higgs Hunting on a Budget

Daniel Arovas
University of California, San Diego
November 19, 2013

PIRSA:13110054
Condensed Matter
Topological States in Strongly-Correlated Materials

Kai Sun
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
November 15, 2013

PIRSA:13110082
Condensed Matter
Z2 spin liquid in kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet

Yuan Wan
Chinese Academy of Sciences
November 05, 2013

PIRSA:13110086
Condensed Matter
Silicene - a Wonder Electron Carpet

Baskaran Ganapathy
Institute of Mathematical Sciences
October 29, 2013

PIRSA:13100128
Condensed Matter

Exact holographic mapping and emergent space-time geometry

Xiaoliang Qi
Stanford University
March 11, 2014

PIRSA:14030107
Condensed Matter
Holographic duality is a duality between quantum many-body systems (boundary) and gravity systems with one additional spatial dimension (bulk). In this talk, I will describe a new approach to holographic duality for lattice systems, called the exact holographic mapping. The key idea of this approach can be summarized by two points: 1) The bulk theory is nothing but the boundary theory viewed in a different basis. 2) Space-time geometry is determined by the structure of correlations and quantum entanglement in a quantum state. For free fermion boundary theories, I will show how different bulk geometries including AdS space, black holes and worm-holes emerge. I will also discuss the generalization of this approach in more generic interacting systems.
Numerical detection of symmetry protected and symmetry enriched topological phases

Frank Pollmann
Max Planck Institute for Physics, Munich (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut)
February 25, 2014

PIRSA:14020140
Condensed Matter
A topological phase is a phase of matter which cannot be characterized by a local order parameter. We first introduce non-local order parameters that can detect symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases in 1D systems and then show how to generalize the idea to detect symmetry enriched topological (SET) phases in 2D. SET phases are new structures that occur in topologically ordered systems in the presence of symmetries. We introduce simple methods to detect the SET order directly from a complete set of topologically degenerate ground state wave functions. We first show how to directly determine the characteristic symmetry fractionalization of the quasiparticles from the reduced density matrix of the minimally entangled states. Second, we show how a simple generalization of a non-local order parameter can be measured to detect SETs. The usefulness of the proposed approached is demonstrated by examining two concrete model states which exhibit SET: (i) a spin-1 model on the honeycomb lattice and (ii) the resonating valence bond state on a kagome lattice. We conclude that the spin-1 model and the RVB state are in the same SET phases.
Quantum Many-body Dynamics with Matrix Product States

Martin Ganahl
Sandbox AQ
February 24, 2014

PIRSA:14020156
Cosmology

Condensed Matter
The talk is divided into two parts: in the first, I will talk about dynamics of far-from equilibrium initial states in different lattice models. I will present results of quench dynamics of the XXZ-Heisenberg magnet, where interesting physics emerges after quenching the system. Then I will present results for scattering of solitonic objects in different integrable and non-integrable lattice models. In the second part, I will talk about dynamics of impurity systems. There I will talk about how impurity spectral functions can be calculated using the Chebyshev technique, and how MPS can serve as a high resolution impurity solver for Dynamical Mean-Field Theory. Finally, I will show some results for steady-state currents through a quantum dot device.
Causality, holography, and entanglement entropy
February 20, 2014

PIRSA:14020146
Quantum Gravity

Quantum Fields and Strings

Condensed Matter

Strong Gravity
After giving a brief overview of holographic entanglement entropy formulas, I will explore a curious feature they imply: when the bulk spacetime includes a black hole, the entanglement entropies often appear to depend on the spacetime geometry inside the horizon. I will ask whether this implies any loss of causality in the field theory. To answer this question, I will present a new general-relativity theorem concerning the causal structure of asymptotically AdS spacetimes, which implies an interesting relationship between bulk and boundary causal domains.
The emergent of the chiral spin liquid in kagome Heisenberg model

Dong-Ning Sheng
California State University, Northridge
February 20, 2014

PIRSA:14020149
Condensed Matter
The quantum spin liquid is an emergent new state of matter, which has attracted a lot of recent attention. In particular, the time reversal symmetry broken spin liquid (Kalmeyer et. al. and Wen et. al.), characterized by the chiral ordering and fractionalized quasi-particle as a realization of the fractional quantum Hall state had been proposed for more than 20 years, but never identified as the true ground state in any more generic (e.g. Heisenberg spin exchange) models with time reversal symmetry. Here I will report two concrete examples where chiral spin liquid (CSL) emerge for a range of parameter space for kagome J1-J2-J3 (three nearest neighbors) model based on accurate density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) simulations. We identify long-range chiral ordering, ground state degeneracy, characteristic entanglement spectra, and the fractionalized topological Chern number to establish the topological state in such a system as the long-sought CSL. We further explicitly extract the modular matrix, which captures all the information of the fractional statistics of the quasi-particles in the system. I will also discuss the close relation of our model to some frustrated kagome antiferromagnets, and make a conjecture that J1 kagome model is near an unconventional critical point. I will conclude the talk with some discussions of the open directions.
Paying the price of naturalness with a supersymmetric twin Higgs

Kiel Howe
Stanford University
January 21, 2014

PIRSA:14010105
Condensed Matter
What is the price of naturalness? In minimal extensions of the standard model, stringent limits on new colored particles and measurements of Higgs properties from the LHC severely challenge the hypothesis of naturalness of the electroweak scale. However, these measurements also provide unprecedented guidance in exploring non-minimal models of new electroweak physics. The supersymmetric twin Higgs provides a concrete example where few-percent level tuning remains compatible with superpartner limits and Higgs physics as well as gauge coupling unification and other successes of the MSSM. Studying such models in detail is crucial to understanding the role naturalness will play as a motivating principle for future searches at the 13 TeV LHC and beyond.
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order

Juven Wang
Harvard University
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120069
Condensed Matter
A non-perturbative definition of anomaly-free chiral fermions and bosons in 1+1D spacetime as finite quantum systems on 1D lattice is proposed. In particular, any 1+1D anomaly-free chiral matter theory can be defined as finite quantum systems on 1D lattice with on-site symmetry, if we include strong interactions between matter fields. Our approach provides another way, apart from Ginsparg-Wilson fermions approach, to avoid the fermion-doubling challenge. In general, using the defining connection between gauge anomalies and the symmetry-protected topological orders, we propose that any truly anomaly-free chiral gauge theory can be non-perturbatively defined by putting it on a lattice in the same dimension. As an additional remark, we conjecture/prove the equivalence relation between 't Hooft anomaly matching conditions and the boundary fully gapping rules.
Symmetry Enriched Quantum Spin Ices On the Pyrochlore Lattice

Gang Chen
Fudan University
December 06, 2013

PIRSA:13120055
Condensed Matter
Quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an exotic phase of matter and provides an interesting example of emergent non-locality. Even though many materials have been proposed as candidates for QSLs, there is no direct confirmation of QSLs in any of these systems. Quantum spin ice (QSI) is a physical realization of U(1) QSLs on the pyrochlore lattice. We consider a class of electron systems in which dipolar-octupolar Kramers doublets arise on the pyrochlore lattice. In the localized limit, the Kramers doublets are described by the effective spin 1/2 pseudospins. The most general nearest-neighbor exchange model between these pseudospins is the XYZ model. We show that this XYZ model exhibit two distinct symmetry enriched QSI phases, that we dub dipolar QSI and octupolar QSI. This XYZ model is absent from the notorious sign problem for a quantum Monte Carlo simmulation. We also discuss the potential relevance to real material systems.
The Amplitude Mode in Condensed Matter : Higgs Hunting on a Budget

Daniel Arovas
University of California, San Diego
November 19, 2013

PIRSA:13110054
Condensed Matter
The amplitude mode is a ubiquitous phenomenon in systems with broken continuous symmetry and effective relativistic dynamics, and has been observed in magnets, charge density waves, cold atom systems, and superconductors. It is a simple analog of the Higgs boson of particle physics. I will discuss the properties of the amplitude mode and its somewhat surprising visibility in two-dimensional systems, recently confirmed in cold atom experiments. The behavior in the vicinity of a quantum critical point will be stressed, comparing theoretical, numerical, and experimental results.
Topological States in Strongly-Correlated Materials

Kai Sun
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
November 15, 2013

PIRSA:13110082
Condensed Matter
In the study of strongly-correlated insulators, a long-standing puzzle remained open for over 40 years. Some Kondo insulators (or mixed-valent insulators) display strange electrical transport that cannot be understood if one assumes that it is governed by the three-dimensional bulk. In this talk, I show that some 3D Kondo insulators have the right ingredients to be topological insulators, which we called “topological Kondo insulators”. For a topological Kondo insulator, the low-temperature transport is dominated by the 2D surface rather than the 3D bulk, because the bulk of this material is an insulator while its surface is a topologically-protected 2D metal. This theoretical picture offers a natural explanation for the long-standing puzzle mentioned above. In addition, we also find that Kondo insulators can support another type of nontrivial topological structure protected by lattice symmetries, which we called “topological crystalline Kondo insulators”. In particular, we predict that SmB$_6$ is both a topological Kondo insulator and a topological crystalline Kondo insulator and I will also discuss recent experiments, which reveal the surface states in SmB$_6$.
Z2 spin liquid in kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet

Yuan Wan
Chinese Academy of Sciences
November 05, 2013

PIRSA:13110086
Condensed Matter
A quantum spin liquid is a hypothesized ground state of a magnet without long-range magnetic order. Similar to a liquid, which is spatially uniform and strongly correlated, a quantum spin liquid preserves all the symmetries and exhibits strong correlations between spins. First proposed by P. W. Anderson in 1973, it has remained a conjecture until recently. In the past couple of years, numerical studies have provided strong evidences for quantum spin liquid in a simple model, the kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet. In this talk, I will describe a low-energy effective theory for this magnet in terms of a lattice gauge theory with the simplest possible mathematical structure (a group of two elements, namely Z2). I will show that the theory reproduces many characteristic features observed numerically, thereby providing a bridge between the numeircs and the analytics. Furthermore, I will present theoretical predictions which could be tested in future numerical studies.
Silicene - a Wonder Electron Carpet

Baskaran Ganapathy
Institute of Mathematical Sciences
October 29, 2013

PIRSA:13100128
Condensed Matter
Graphene is a 2 dimensional net of strongly bonded carbon atoms. This magic carpet has taken us to new heights in the last decade. Silicene and Germanene are analogue nets, made of silicon and germanium atoms respectively, but with a relatively weaker chemical bond. I will argue that these carpets perform some new tricks by not being a carbon copy of graphene. We have suggested [1] that silicene and germanene are Mott insulators and potential abode for room temperature superconductivity, quantum spin liquids and more

Title	Speaker(s)	Date	Talk Type	Info link
Exact holographic mapping and emergent space-time geometry	Xiaoliang Qi	2014-03-11	Scientific Series	View details
Numerical detection of symmetry protected and symmetry enriched topological phases	Frank Pollmann	2014-02-25	Scientific Series	View details
Quantum Many-body Dynamics with Matrix Product States	Martin Ganahl	2014-02-24	Scientific Series	View details
Causality, holography, and entanglement entropy		2014-02-20	Scientific Series	View details
The emergent of the chiral spin liquid in kagome Heisenberg model	Dong-Ning Sheng	2014-02-20	Scientific Series	View details
Paying the price of naturalness with a supersymmetric twin Higgs	Kiel Howe	2014-01-21	Scientific Series	View details
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order	Juven Wang	2013-12-13	Scientific Series	View details
Symmetry Enriched Quantum Spin Ices On the Pyrochlore Lattice	Gang Chen	2013-12-06	Scientific Series	View details
The Amplitude Mode in Condensed Matter : Higgs Hunting on a Budget	Daniel Arovas	2013-11-19	Scientific Series	View details
Topological States in Strongly-Correlated Materials	Kai Sun	2013-11-15	Scientific Series	View details
Z2 spin liquid in kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet	Yuan Wan	2013-11-05	Scientific Series	View details
Silicene - a Wonder Electron Carpet	Baskaran Ganapathy	2013-10-29	Scientific Series	View details

Condensed Matter

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