Scientific Series

Displaying 3637 - 3648 of 5113

Large-N Collective Fields and de Sitter / CFT correspondence

Sumit Das University of Kentucky
September 25, 2012

PIRSA:12090045
Quantum Gravity

Quantum Fields and Strings
Supermassive black holes in non-spherical galactic nuclei and enhanced rates of star capture events

Eugene Vasiliev Rochester Institute of Technology
September 25, 2012

PIRSA:12090064
Cosmology
A generalization of Kochen-Specker sets

Laura Mancinska Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC)

September 24, 2012

PIRSA:12090073
Effect of thermal fluctuations in topological p-wave superconductors

Bela Bauer Microsoft Corporation
September 21, 2012

PIRSA:12090039
Condensed Matter
The Higgs Boson and speculative particle physics

Mark Wise California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

September 19, 2012

PIRSA:12090065
Jet Substructure, by Accident

Eder Izaguirre LinkedIn (United States)
September 18, 2012

PIRSA:12090063
Particle Physics
New developments in massive gravity
September 18, 2012

PIRSA:12090061
Cosmology

Strong Gravity
Hamiltonian Theory of Fractional Chern Bands

Ramamurti Shankar Yale University
September 14, 2012

PIRSA:12090047
Mathematical physics
Combinatorics and the thermodynamic limit for black holes in Loop Quantum Gravity

Fernando Barbero Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
September 13, 2012

PIRSA:12090038
Quantum Gravity
Charge fractionalization and entanglement entropy for compressible phases in holography

Liza Huijse Karius, Inc.
September 11, 2012

PIRSA:12090059
Condensed Matter
The Exploration of Hot QCD Matter

Berndt Mueller Duke University
September 11, 2012

PIRSA:12090046
Particle Physics
Spectral distortions of the CMB and what we might learn about early universe physics

Jens Chluba University of Manchester
September 11, 2012

PIRSA:12090060
Cosmology

Large-N Collective Fields and de Sitter / CFT correspondence

Sumit Das University of Kentucky
September 25, 2012

PIRSA:12090045
Quantum Gravity

Quantum Fields and Strings
We derive the collective theory of singlet fields of large-N Sp(N) spin models and display its unconventional features. Using the known relationship between O(N) collective fields and higher spin fields of Vasiliev theory in AdS space, we argue that the unique features of the Sp(N) collective theory suggest an interpretation in terms of a higher spin theory in de Sitter space, as proposed by Anninos, Hartman and Strominger. This is reminiscent of the way the Liouville mode is naturally interpreted as time in supercritical worldsheet string theory.
Supermassive black holes in non-spherical galactic nuclei and enhanced rates of star capture events

Eugene Vasiliev Rochester Institute of Technology
September 25, 2012

PIRSA:12090064
Cosmology
We consider the stellar-dynamical processes which lead to the capture or tidal disruption of stars by a supermassive black hole, review the standard theory of two-body relaxation and loss-cone repopulation in spherical galactic nuclei, and extend it to the axisymmetric and triaxial nuclear star clusters. In the absense of symmetry which conserves angular momentum, the orbits of stars experience regular or chaotic changes of angular momentum even in the smooth potential of star cluster, which creates a substantial population of "centrophilic" orbits. We discuss the loss cone draining rates, i.e. rates of capture of stars from these orbits. Next we consider the relaxation phenomena in non-spherical nuclei, focusing on the differences between spherical, axisymmetric and triaxial cases. It turns out that the rates of repopulation of the loss cone are moderately higher in non-spherical systems, but in the triaxial case an additional, often substantial, increase of capture rates comes from draining of the centrophilic orbit population.
A generalization of Kochen-Specker sets

Laura Mancinska Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC)

September 24, 2012

PIRSA:12090073

I will discuss two generalizations of Kochen-Specker (KS) sets: projective KS sets and generalized KS sets. We will see that projective KS sets can be used to characterize all graphs for which the chromatic number is strictly larger than the quantum chromatic number. Here, the quantum chromatic number is defined via a nonlocal game based on graph coloring. We will further show that from any graph with separation between these two quantities, one can construct a classical channel for which entanglement assistance increases the one-shot zero-error capacity. As an example, we will consider a new family of classical channels with an exponential increase.
Effect of thermal fluctuations in topological p-wave superconductors

Bela Bauer Microsoft Corporation
September 21, 2012

PIRSA:12090039
Condensed Matter
In this talk, I will present our recent work on the effect of thermal fluctuations on the topological stability of chiral p-wave superconductors. We consider two models of superconductors: spinless and spinful with a focus on topological properties and Majorana zero-energy modes. We show that proliferation of vortex-antivortex pairs above the Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature T_KT drives the transition from a thermal Quantum Hall insulator to a thermal metal/insulator, and dramatically modifies the ground-state degeneracy splitting. This shows that in order to utilize 2D chiral p-wave superconductors for topological quantum computing, the temperature should be much smaller than T_KT. Within the spinful chiral p-wave model, we also investigate the interplay between half-quantum vortices carrying Majorana zero-energy modes and full-quantum vortices having trivial topological charge, and discuss topological properties of half-quantum vortices in the background of proliferating full-quantum vortices.
The Higgs Boson and speculative particle physics

Mark Wise California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

September 19, 2012

PIRSA:12090065

The crucial role that the Higgs boson plays in the standard model for strong weak and electromagnetic interactions is reviewed. Recently a resonance with properties consistent with those expected for the Higgs boson has been discovered at the large hadron collider (LHC). This discovery constrains speculations about new physics beyond what is in the standard model. The motivation for such new physics, at roughly the energy scale probed by LHC experiments, and the nature of the constraints imposed by the recent LHC results are discussed.
Jet Substructure, by Accident

Eder Izaguirre LinkedIn (United States)
September 18, 2012

PIRSA:12090063
Particle Physics
The LHC detectors are allowing experimentalists to look "inside" of jets and study the properties of these. Jet substructure gives us the tools to study boosted resonances that decay into jets. In this talk, I will discuss an extension of substructure techniques to beyond the Standard Model signals where reconstructing resonances may not be optimal, but these techniques still allow us to pick out these signals from a busy QCD environment.
New developments in massive gravity
September 18, 2012

PIRSA:12090061
Cosmology

Strong Gravity
The idea that the graviton may be massive has seen a resurgence of interest due to recent progress which has overcome its traditional problems. I will review this recent progress, which has led to a consistent ghost-free effective field theory of a massive graviton, with a stable hierarchy between the graviton mass and the cutoff, and how this theory has the potential to resolve the naturalness problem of the cosmological constant.
Hamiltonian Theory of Fractional Chern Bands

Ramamurti Shankar Yale University
September 14, 2012

PIRSA:12090047
Mathematical physics
It has been known for some time that a system with a filled band will have an integer quantum Hall conductance equal to its Chern number, a toplogical index associated with the band. While this is true for a system in a magnetic field with filled Landau Levels, even a system in zero external field can exhibit the QHE if its band has a Chern number. I review this issue and discuss a more recent question of whether a partially filled Chern band can exhibit the Fractional QHE. I describe the work done with Ganpathy Murthy in which we show how composite fermions, which were so useful in explaining the usual FQHE, can be introduced here and with equal success by adapting our Hamiltonian Theory of CFs developed for the FQHE in the continuum.
Combinatorics and the thermodynamic limit for black holes in Loop Quantum Gravity

Fernando Barbero Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
September 13, 2012

PIRSA:12090038
Quantum Gravity
The combinatorial problems associated with the counting of black hole states in loop quantum gravity can be analyzed by using suitable generating functions. These not only provide very useful tools for exact computations, but can also be used to perform an statistical analysis of the black hole degeneracy spectrum, study the interesting substructure found in the entropy of microscopic black holes and its asymptotic behavior for large horizon areas. The methods that will be described are relevant for the discussion of the thermodynamic limit for black holes in the area canonical ensemble. This is an important issue in order to understand sub-leading corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking law.
Charge fractionalization and entanglement entropy for compressible phases in holography

Liza Huijse Karius, Inc.
September 11, 2012

PIRSA:12090059
Condensed Matter
The Exploration of Hot QCD Matter

Berndt Mueller Duke University
September 11, 2012

PIRSA:12090046
Particle Physics
When nuclear matter is heated beyond a temperature of 2 trillion
degrees, it converts into a strongly coupled plasma of quarks and
gluons, the sQGP. Experiments using highly energetic collisions
between heavy nuclei have revealed that this new state of matter is a
nearly ideal, highly opaque liquid. A description based upon string
theory and black holes in five dimensions has made the quark- gluon
plasma an iconic example of a strongly coupled quantum system. In this
lecture I will survey the observed properties of the sQGP in the light
of the latest results from RHIC and LHC. On the theoretical side, I
will discuss the thermalization and entropy production problem and
origin and role of event-by-event fluctuations.
Spectral distortions of the CMB and what we might learn about early universe physics

Jens Chluba University of Manchester
September 11, 2012

PIRSA:12090060
Cosmology
The spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is known to be extremely close to a perfect blackbody. However, even within standard cosmology several processes occurring in the early Universe lead to distortions of the CMB at a level that might become observable in the future. This could open an exciting new window to early Universe physics. In my talk I will then explain in more detail why the cooling of matter in the early Universe causes a negative mu- and y-type distortion and how the damping of primordial small-scale perturbations before recombination could allow placing interesting constraints on different inflationary models.

Title	Speaker(s)	Date	Talk Type	Info link
Large-N Collective Fields and de Sitter / CFT correspondence	Sumit Das	2012-09-25	Scientific Series	View details
Supermassive black holes in non-spherical galactic nuclei and enhanced rates of star capture events	Eugene Vasiliev	2012-09-25	Scientific Series	View details
A generalization of Kochen-Specker sets	Laura Mancinska	2012-09-24	Scientific Series	View details
Effect of thermal fluctuations in topological p-wave superconductors	Bela Bauer	2012-09-21	Scientific Series	View details
The Higgs Boson and speculative particle physics	Mark Wise	2012-09-19	Scientific Series	View details
Jet Substructure, by Accident	Eder Izaguirre	2012-09-18	Scientific Series	View details
New developments in massive gravity		2012-09-18	Scientific Series	View details
Hamiltonian Theory of Fractional Chern Bands	Ramamurti Shankar	2012-09-14	Scientific Series	View details
Combinatorics and the thermodynamic limit for black holes in Loop Quantum Gravity	Fernando Barbero	2012-09-13	Scientific Series	View details
Charge fractionalization and entanglement entropy for compressible phases in holography	Liza Huijse	2012-09-11	Scientific Series	View details
The Exploration of Hot QCD Matter	Berndt Mueller	2012-09-11	Scientific Series	View details
Spectral distortions of the CMB and what we might learn about early universe physics	Jens Chluba	2012-09-11	Scientific Series	View details

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