Cosmology

Models with two supersymmetric large extra dimensions (SLED) may provide a way to approach both the cosmological constant problem and dark energy. After reviewing these ideas, I shall discuss warped brane world solutions in 6D supergravity, as a laboratory in which to explore SLED and codimension two branes in general. Solving the linearized perturbations for all the bosonic fields, and some of the fermions, we can observe how the corresponding physics compares with 5D models and standard Kaluza-Klein compactifications. These results should help to better our understanding of the cancellations in the 4D effective vacuum energy with SLED.

Abstract: In this talk a model of inflation is presented where the inflaton fields are non-commutative matrices. The spectrum of adiabatic and iso-curvature perturbations and their implications on CMB are studied. It is argued that our model of matrix inflation can naturally be embedded in string theory.

We estimate the size of loop corrections in various inflationary systems and determine the region of parameter space where the perturbation theory around a quasi de Sitter background is strongly coupled. In some models, we argue that backreaction to the inflatonary background become important before the erturbations become strongly coupled while in others, there seems to exist a legitimate strongly coupled but still inflating regime. We also demonstrate that loop effects could be dominant in the bispectrum while still having a well controlled perturbation theory and we explore the phenomenological implications.

Inflationary cosmology provides a causal mechanism for the generation of super-Hubble cosmological fluctuations. There have been many alternative proposals suggested to accomplish this feat, however these all seem to share the need to violate at least the Null Energy Condition. I will attempt to make this statement more precise, and focusing on the case of string motivated models that contain a gravi-scalar in their spectrum (such as the string theoretic dilaton) we will find a "no-go" theorem. This provides an important challenge for models such as String Gas Cosmology and the Pre-Big Bang, if such models are to become more predictive.

We use the power-counting formalism of effective field  theory to study the size of loop corrections in theories of slow-roll inflation, with the aim of more precisely identifying the limits of validity of the usual classical inflationary treatments. Although most slow-roll models lie within the semiclassical domain, we find the consistency of the Higgs-Inflaton scenario to be more delicate due to the proximity between the Hubble scale during inflation and the upper bound allowed by unitarity on the new-physics scale.