Scientific Series

Displaying 3325 - 3336 of 5164

The McV black hole and the scalar theories that support it

Michele Fontanini
January 21, 2014

PIRSA:14010082
Cosmology
Gaugino physics of split supersymmetry spectrum at the LHC and future proton colliders

Sunghoon Jung Korea Institute for Advanced Study
January 16, 2014

PIRSA:14010103
Particle Physics
Entanglement farming: Harnessing the properties of fixed points in quantum evolution

Eduardo Martin-Martinez University of Waterloo
January 15, 2014

PIRSA:14010104
Quantum Information
Beyond the Standard Paradigm

Paul Langacker Institute for Advanced Study (IAS)
January 15, 2014

PIRSA:13010116
Particle Physics
Noncontextuality without determinism and admissible (in)compatibility relations: revisiting Specker's parable.

Ravi Kunjwal Funds for Scientific Research - FNRS
January 14, 2014

PIRSA:14010102
Quantum Foundations
Simulating the Universe(s)

Matthew Johnson York University
January 14, 2014

PIRSA:14010101
Cosmology
The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs

Daniel Brod Universidade Federal Fluminense
January 08, 2014

PIRSA:14010085
Quantum Information
Scale-free primordial cosmology

Anna Ijjas Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics - Albert Einstein Institute (AEI)
December 19, 2013

PIRSA:13120063
Cosmology
The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete

David Gosset Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC)
December 18, 2013

PIRSA:13120067
Quantum Information
(0,4) sigma models and K3

Sarah Harrison Stanford University
December 18, 2013

PIRSA:13120071
Quantum Fields and Strings
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order

Juven Wang Harvard University
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120069
Condensed Matter
Integrability (and Near Integrability) in Matrix-valued Field Theories

Axel Cortes Cubero City University of New York
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120068
Quantum Fields and Strings

The McV black hole and the scalar theories that support it

Michele Fontanini
January 21, 2014

PIRSA:14010082
Cosmology
Systems in which the local gravitational attraction is coupled to the expansion of the Universe have been studied since the early stages of General Relativity as the pioneering works of McVittie show. In this talk I start reviewing the McVittie black hole solution and its variable mass generalization from a classical fluid approach to understand its properties. I then move to a field theoretical analysis to investigate the scalar theories that support such black holes.
Gaugino physics of split supersymmetry spectrum at the LHC and future proton colliders

Sunghoon Jung Korea Institute for Advanced Study
January 16, 2014

PIRSA:14010103
Particle Physics
Discovery of the Higgs boson and lack of discovery of superpartners in the first run at LHC are both predictions of split supersymmetry with thermal dark matter. We discuss what it would take to find gluinos at hadron supercolliders, including the LHC at 14 TeV center of mass energy, and future pp colliders at 100 TeV and 200 TeV. We generalize the discussion by re-expressing the search capacity in terms of gluino to lightest superpartner mass ratio, and apply results to other scenarios, such as gauge mediation and mirage mediation. In those models, distinctive gaugino mass ratios arise at leading order, but can be significantly modified by large logarithmic quantum corrections from split spectrum.
Entanglement farming: Harnessing the properties of fixed points in quantum evolution

Eduardo Martin-Martinez University of Waterloo
January 15, 2014

PIRSA:14010104
Quantum Information
We show that in certain generic circumstances the state of light of an optical cavity traversed by beams of atoms is naturally driven towards a non-thermal metastable state. This state can be such that successive pairs of unentangled particles sent through the cavity will reliably emerge significantly entangled thus providing a renewable source of quantum entanglement. Significant for possible experimental realizations is the fact that this entangling fixed point state of the cavity can be reached largely independently of the initial state in which the cavity was prepared. Our results suggest that reliable entanglement farming on the basis of such a fixed point state should be possible also in various other experimental settings, namely with the to-be-entangled particles replaced by arbitrary qudits and with the cavity replaced by a suitable reservoir system.
Beyond the Standard Paradigm

Paul Langacker Institute for Advanced Study (IAS)
January 15, 2014

PIRSA:13010116
Particle Physics
I reexamine the current situation in particle and neutrino physics from a top-down perspective, discussing such underlying issues as uniqueness versus environment, minimality versus remnants, and naturalness versus tuning.
Noncontextuality without determinism and admissible (in)compatibility relations: revisiting Specker's parable.

Ravi Kunjwal Funds for Scientific Research - FNRS
January 14, 2014

PIRSA:14010102
Quantum Foundations
The purpose of this talk is twofold: First, following Spekkens, to motivate noncontextuality as a natural principle one might expect to hold in nature and introduce operational noncontextuality inequalities motivated by a contextuality scenario first considered by Ernst Specker. These inequalities do not rely on the assumption of outcome-determinism which is implicit in the usual Kochen-Specker (KS) inequalities. We argue that they are the appropriate generalization of KS inequalities, serving as a test for the possibility of noncontextual explanations of experimental data. This is very much in the spirit of Bell inequalities, which provide theory-independent tests for local hidden variable explanations of experimental data without relying on the assumption of outcome-determinism. The second purpose is to point out a curious feature of quantum theory, motivated by the connections between (in)compatibility and (non)contextuality: namely, that it admits all conceivable (in)compatibility relations between observables.
Simulating the Universe(s)

Matthew Johnson York University
January 14, 2014

PIRSA:14010101
Cosmology
The theory of eternal inflation in an inflaton potential with multiple vacua predicts that our universe is one of many bubble universes nucleating and growing inside an ever-expanding false vacuum. The collision of our bubble with another could provide an important observational signature to test this scenario. In this talk I will describe an algorithm for accurately computing the cosmological observables arising from bubble collisions directly from the Lagrangian of a single scalar field. This represents the first fully-relativistic set of predictions from an ensemble of scalar field models giving rise to eternal inflation, and I will describe on-going phenomenological studies and observational searches.
The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs

Daniel Brod Universidade Federal Fluminense
January 08, 2014

PIRSA:14010085
Quantum Information
Matchgates are a restricted set of two-qubit gates known to be classically simulable when acting on nearest-neighbor qubits on a path, but universal for quantum computation when the gates can also act on more distant qubits. In this talk, I will address the power of matchgates when they can act on pairs of qubits according to the edges of arbitrary graphs. Specifically, we show that matchgates are universal on any connected graph other than a path or a cycle, and that they are classically simulable on a cycle. We also prove that the same dichotomy holds for the XY interaction, a proper subset of matchgates that arises naturally in some implementations of quantum computing. This is based on a joint work with Ernesto Galvão and another with Andrew Childs.
Scale-free primordial cosmology

Anna Ijjas Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics - Albert Einstein Institute (AEI)
December 19, 2013

PIRSA:13120063
Cosmology
The large-scale structure of the universe suggests that the physics underlying its early evolution is scale-free. In this talk, using a hydrodynamic approach, I will discuss how the scale-free principle restores predictive power and makes it possible to evaluate inflationary models and to compare them with alternative cosmologies.
The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete

David Gosset Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC)
December 18, 2013

PIRSA:13120067
Quantum Information
The Bose-Hubbard model is a system of interacting bosons that live on the vertices of a graph. The particles can move between adjacent vertices and experience a repulsive on-site interaction. The Hamiltonian is determined by a choice of graph that specifies the geometry in which the particles move and interact. We prove that approximating the ground energy of the Bose-Hubbard model on a graph at fixed particle number is QMA-complete. In our QMA-hardness proof, we encode the history of an n-qubit computation in the subspace with at most one particle per site (i.e., hard-core bosons). This feature, along with the well-known mapping between hard-core bosons and spin systems, lets us prove a related result for a class of 2-local Hamiltonians defined by graphs that generalizes the XY model. By avoiding the use of perturbation theory in our analysis, we circumvent the need to multiply terms in the Hamiltonian by large coefficients. This is joint work with Andrew Childs and Zak Webb.
(0,4) sigma models and K3

Sarah Harrison Stanford University
December 18, 2013

PIRSA:13120071
Quantum Fields and Strings
TBA
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order

Juven Wang Harvard University
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120069
Condensed Matter
A non-perturbative definition of anomaly-free chiral fermions and bosons in 1+1D spacetime as finite quantum systems on 1D lattice is proposed. In particular, any 1+1D anomaly-free chiral matter theory can be defined as finite quantum systems on 1D lattice with on-site symmetry, if we include strong interactions between matter fields. Our approach provides another way, apart from Ginsparg-Wilson fermions approach, to avoid the fermion-doubling challenge. In general, using the defining connection between gauge anomalies and the symmetry-protected topological orders, we propose that any truly anomaly-free chiral gauge theory can be non-perturbatively defined by putting it on a lattice in the same dimension. As an additional remark, we conjecture/prove the equivalence relation between 't Hooft anomaly matching conditions and the boundary fully gapping rules.
Integrability (and Near Integrability) in Matrix-valued Field Theories

Axel Cortes Cubero City University of New York
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120068
Quantum Fields and Strings
The principal chiral sigma model (PCSM) in 1+1 dimensions is asymptotically free and has as SU(N)-valued field with massive excitations. We have found all the exact form factors and two-point function of the Noether-current operators at large N using the integrable bootstrap program. At finite N, only the first non-trivial form factors are found, which give a good long distance approximation for the two-point function. We show how to use these new exact results to study non-integrable deformations. One example is the PCSM coupled to a Yang-Mills field. One can approximate the spectrum of the meson-like bound states using our form factors. We also examine an anisotropic version of (2+1)-dimensional Yang-Mills theory, which can be interpreted as an array of coupled PCSM’s.

Title	Speaker(s)	Date	Talk Type	Info link
The McV black hole and the scalar theories that support it	Michele Fontanini	2014-01-21	Scientific Series	View details
Gaugino physics of split supersymmetry spectrum at the LHC and future proton colliders	Sunghoon Jung	2014-01-16	Scientific Series	View details
Entanglement farming: Harnessing the properties of fixed points in quantum evolution	Eduardo Martin-Martinez	2014-01-15	Scientific Series	View details
Beyond the Standard Paradigm	Paul Langacker	2014-01-15	Scientific Series	View details
Noncontextuality without determinism and admissible (in)compatibility relations: revisiting Specker's parable.	Ravi Kunjwal	2014-01-14	Scientific Series	View details
Simulating the Universe(s)	Matthew Johnson	2014-01-14	Scientific Series	View details
The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs	Daniel Brod	2014-01-08	Scientific Series	View details
Scale-free primordial cosmology	Anna Ijjas	2013-12-19	Scientific Series	View details
The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete	David Gosset	2013-12-18	Scientific Series	View details
(0,4) sigma models and K3	Sarah Harrison	2013-12-18	Scientific Series	View details
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order	Juven Wang	2013-12-13	Scientific Series	View details
Integrability (and Near Integrability) in Matrix-valued Field Theories	Axel Cortes Cubero	2013-12-13	Scientific Series	View details

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